\r\n Public health care professionals, helps in protecting and promoting the people where they live. Their aim is to prevent people living in societies from falling sick and create awareness among them to encourage healthy environment. Vaccinating children’s to avoid the spread of dreadful diseases, educating the people about the risk factors, preventive measures, nutritional programs etc. They also shed light on few communities of people who are more prone to disease than compare to others.

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\r\n Physical Fitness and Management:

\r\n Physical activity is important in maintaining blood glucose level and staying healthy. Being active is having many health benefits such as –

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• \r\n Lowers blood glucose levels
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• \r\n Lowers blood pressure
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• \r\n Helps in improving blood flow
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• \r\n Burns the extra calories if needed in obese patients.
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• \r\n Improves the mood.
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• \r\n Helps in better sleep.
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• \r\n Helps in improving memory for older patients.
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\r\n Maintaining a healthy weight can help in controlling various diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cholesterol, high blood pressure(hypertension), high blood sugar(diabetes) and other endocrine related diseases. It may also help us from preventing weight related diseases such as Rheumatoid arthritis, obesity, thyroid, cancer etc., Eating food which contains extra calories within a well-balanced diet plan may to lead to gaining of more weight.

\r\n The main aim of diabetes management is, to restore the carbohydrate metabolism to a normal state. In order to achieve this, person with an absolute deficiency of insulin requires insulin replacement therapy, which is administered through injection or insulin pen. Insulin resistance can be controlled by dietary modifications and exercise. Eating healthy food is the cornerstone of living a healthy life with or without diabetes. But if a person has diabetes, they should know the impact of food and nutrition, physical activity and yoga therapy in diabetes management. Diabetic foot complications result in huge cost for both society as well as the individual patient.

\r\n Endocrine system regulates the interactions of organisms within the atmosphere. The system comprises of all the glands and tissues in the body that synthesize, and unleash chemical-signalling molecules called as hormones. Hormones are made by specific glands, including the hypothalamus, thyroid gland, pituitary gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes, parathyroid glands and pineal gland, the adipose tissues, gastrointestinal tract

\r\n Genomic medicine is explained because the insights that will be gained regarding physiology and endocrine pathology from application of full vary of genetic approaches. Genetic mechanisms results in endocrine sickness and practical studies of genetic mutations that shed novel insights into the pathologic process and aetiology of endocrine disorders.

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\r\n Overweight and obesity are defined as the increase in abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may lead to impair health. Body mass index (BMI) is used to classify overweight and obesity in adults by using simple index of weight-for-height. The BMI is calculated as a person's weight in kilograms divided by the square of his height in meters (kg/m2). The main cause of obesity and overweight is an energy imbalance between the amount of calories consumed and the calories expended.

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\r\n Gestational diabetes is high blood sugar which develops during pregnancy and disappears once the child is delivered. During pregnancy, the placenta makes a hormone that helps in building up of glucose in the blood. The pancreas makes enough insulin to handle that. If not, the blood sugar levels will raise leading to gestational diabetes.Gestational diabetes is usually detected in the second trimester of pregnancy. 

\r\n Endocrine illness results once an organ produces deficient or an excessive amount of associate endocrine secretion referred to as secretion imbalance. Diabetic acidosis is caused in sort one polygenic disorder (Type 1 diabetes) wherever there's reliance on fatty acids for energy and complete lack of hormone. The uncontrolled lipid breakdown ends up in formation of acidosis, ketones and ketonemia. This is an emergency medical condition

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\r\n Diabetic patients ought to monitor their feet frequently to avoid risks which can lead amputation. The minor wounds like blister to foot may lead to serious consequences, as blood flow decreases in diabetic patients the wound healing is delayed leading to spreading of infection quickly. Predominant pathogens include gram +ve cocci especially staphylococci and streptococci. Chronic or previously treated wounds may lead to microbial cultures for which antimicrobial medical aid is needed.

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\r\n Gastro Paresis is also known as delayed gastric emptying. It is a condition which affects both type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients in which the stomach requires time to empty its contents. If glucose levels are high for a long period of time it may lead to the damage of vagus nerve.  

\r\n Signs and symptoms of gastro paresis:

\r\n Ø  Heartburn

\r\n Ø  Feeling of fullness while eating

\r\n Ø  Bloating of abdomen

\r\n Ø  Weight loss

\r\n Ø  Spasmodic stomach.

\r\n Ø  Constipation

\r\n Ø  Gastro Esophageal reflux.

\r\n Diabetic retinopathy is caused because of injury to the blood vessels within the tissue of tissue of retina. Poor management of glucose is one of the risk factors. The blood vessels might swell and leak fluid and abnormal development of new blood vessels on the surface of the tissue layer is seen. The related connective tissue may contract and detach from retina. Symptoms in initial stages embrace floaters, blurriness, dark areas of vision and difficulty in detecting colours. There is no cure for diabetic retinopathy however will be treated optical laser treatments and surgical removal of vitreous gel (vitrectomy) for good vision. There are four stages in diabetic retinopathy which are classified as mild, moderate and severe non-proliferative and proliferative. In the first stage, mild non-proliferative, there will be balloon-like swelling in blood vessels of the retina.

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\r\n Diabetic Nephropathy is a condition mainly caused due to diabetes affecting the kidneys. Sometimes, it may also lead to kidney or renal failure. The waste from the blood is eliminated by the blood vessels present in the kidney, which can also be destroyed by high blood sugar levels. The body usually retains excess water and salts leading to improper weight gain and swelling of ankle which may in turn leads to kidney or renal failure. In the earlier stages, no symptoms are seen. But the regular urine tests are required to detect the damage.

\r\n The high blood sugar levels may also lead in the damage of nerves, which in turn lead to difficulty in emptying of the urinary bladder. The long term retention of urine in the urinary bladder causes infectious bacterial growth with high blood sugar levels.

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\r\n There is a correlation between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes. Minimum 68% of people aging between 65 or older with diabetes die from heart disease; and 16% die of stroke. Diabetes is treatable disease, but even when blood sugar levels are under control it mostly increases the risk of heart disease and stroke. Because people with diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes Mellitus, may have the conditions that contribute to their risk for developing cardiovascular disease such as:

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• \r\n High blood pressure (hypertension)
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• \r\n Abnormal cholesterol and high triglycerides
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• \r\n Obesity or overweight
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• \r\n Lack of physical activity
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• \r\n Poorly controlled blood sugars levels
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\r\n Diabetes is a disease which intensifies the danger of long-term complications. It increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases also known as diabetic cardiomyopathy. The chief complications of diabetes are due to the injury in the blood vessel which causes damage to nerves, eyes and kidneys. The damage to the eyes is known as diabetic retinopathy which is caused by damage to the blood vessels in the retina of eye resulting in diabetic eye complication. The damage to the kidney is known as diabetic nephropathy, which can pave the way to damaging tissue, urine protein damage, eventually leading to renal disorder or diabetic nephropathy. Almost two third of the people with diabetes may have signs of onset of kidney problems at early stages. Diabetes is also one of the main causes of Renal or kidney failure. The damage to the nerves of the body is known as diabetic neuropathy. It is one of the main complications of diabetes. The number of years of having diabetes is directly proportional to high risk of complications. The diabetic complications sometimes may be restricting or even lethal. 

\r\n Endocrine Disorders occurs when a gland produces too much or too little of an endocrine hormone, leading to hormonal imbalance and the development of lesions in the endocrine system, also affects the hormone levels.

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Diabetes, it is a condition in which the pancreas either produces too little insulin or none at all. The insulin can't be used effectively by the body. This allows blood glucose levels to rise while the rest of your cells are deprived of much-needed energy. This can lead to a condition in which every major system of body gets affected.